In Vitro Cholinomimetic Effect of Loranthus Ferrugineus in Isolated Guinea Pig Ileum

Effects of increasing concentrations of (A) acetylcholine (ACh), (B) Loranthus ferrugineus methanol extract (LFME) and (C) n-butanol fraction of Loranthus ferrugineus methanol extract (NBF-LFME) on the contrac-tile response in isolated guinea pig ileum subjected to pretreatment with 1 μM atropine. *p < 0.01 and †p < 0.001.

Effects of increasing concentrations of acetylcholine (ACh) on the contractile response in isolated guinea pig ileum, from a typical tracer in which each centimeter corresponds to 1 minute and 1 g tension. (A) without pretreatment, (B) with 1 μM atropine pretreatment, (C) with 0.05 μM neostigmine pretreatment and (D) with 100 μM hexamethonium pretreatment. The addition of increasing concentrations of Loranthus ferrugineus methanol extract (LFME) is also shown: (E) without pretreatment, (F) with 1 μM atropine pretreatment, (G) with 0.05 μM neostigmine pretreatment and (H) with 100 μM hexamethonium pretreatment. Increasing concentrations of n-butanol fraction of L. ferrugineus methanol extract (NBF-LFME) also produced a response in guinea pig ileum: (I) without pretreatment, (J) with 1 μM atropine pretreatment, (K) with 0.05 μM neostigmine pretreatment and (L) with 100 μM hexamethonium pretreatment.