Journal of Acupuncture and Meridian Studies
Volume 3, Issue 1 , Pages 1-9 , March 2010

Meridian Studies in China: A Systematic Review

  • Guang-Jun Wang

      Affiliations

    • Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Science, Beijing, China
  • ,
  • M. Hossein Ayati

      Affiliations

    • Acupuncture School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
  • ,
  • Wei-Bo Zhang

      Affiliations

    • Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Science, Beijing, China
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Science, No. 16, Dongzhimennei, Beijing, 100700, China

Received 5 October 2009 ,Accepted 14 January 2010.

References 

  1. Xie W , Ju CJ . Research into the black box method for meridians and its significance . J Nanjing Univ Tradit Chin Med . 2002;18:171–174 [In Chinese]
  2. Li DZ . Investigation the exist of meridians through 93 cases shin disease . In:  Zhang XT ,  Ji ZP ,  Huang JS editor. The Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Acupuncture-Anesthesia . Beijing: Science Publishing Company; 1986;p. 528–532
  3. Hu XL , Cheng XL . In: The Soul of Gold Needle – The Study of Meridians . Changsha, China: Science and Technology Publishing Company of Hunan; 1997;p. 48
  4. Meng JB , Gao HH , Chang BQ , Chang BC , Wen C , Tian JH , et al.   A study of the migration channels along 12 meridians in healthy volunteers imaged by gamma camera with isotope . Zhen Ci Yan Jiu . 1989;14(Suppl 4):1–6 [In Chinese]
  5. Anonymous  . About the meridian system: from the People's Daily (Dec. 14th, 1963) . J Tradit Chin Med . 1964;7:2–22 [In Chinese]
  6. Kim BH . Sanal theory . J Acad Med Sci (DPR Korea) . 1965;168:5–38
  7. Lee BC , Yoo JS , Baik KY , Sung B , Lee J , Soh KS . Development of a fluorescence stereomicroscope and observation of Bong-Han corpuscles inside blood vessels . Indian J Exp Biol . 2008;46:330–335
  8. Kellner G . On a vascularized nerve-ending corpuscle of the Krause end-organ type . Z Mikrosk Anat Forsch . 1966;75:130–144 [In German]
  9. Kellner G . On the presence of fissures in the corium of human skin . Z Mikrosk Anat Forsch . 1966;74:330–336 [In German]
  10. Zhu ZX , Hao JK . Biophysics of Acupuncture-Meridians: The verification of the first invention in China . Beijing: Beijing Publishing House; 1989;
  11. Hu XL , Bao JZ , Mao TF . Modern Research of Meridians in TCM Theory . Beijing: Publishing house of people's health; 1990; [In Chinese]
  12. Zhang BZ . Structure and Function of Meridians . Xi'an: Shanxi publishing house of science and technology; 1992; [In Chinese]
  13. Liu CZ . Clinical Meridians Phenomenology . Dalian: Dalian publishing house; 1997; [In Chinese]
  14. Zhang WB . What is the Meridian . Beijing: China Publishing House of Science and Technology; 1997; [In Chinese]
  15. Hu XL , Cheng XN . Soul of Golden Needle: The Study of Meridians . Changsha: Hunan Publishing House of Science and Technology; 1997; [In Chinese]
  16. Liu LY . Classical Meridian Theory and Modern Meridian Theory . Beijing: Beijing Medical and Xiehe University Associate Press; 1997; [In Chinese]
  17. Meng JB , Tian JH . Discovery of Fourteen Channels image . China Publishing House of Science and Technology; 1998; [In Chinese]
  18. Li DZ , Li XZ . Discovery of Meridians in TCM Theory . bPublishing House of Liberation Army; 2003; [In Chinese]
  19. Zhang RJ , Pan QM . Science of Meridians . Beijing: Beijing University Press; 2003; [In Chinese]
  20. Liu CZ , Zhang YX . Meridian Medicine: The Decode of Meridians Cipher Code . Dalian: Dalian Publishing House; 2007; [In Chinese]
  21. Zhang WB . Meridians and Collaterals are the Water Passages . Publishing House of Military Medicine; 2009; [In Chinese]
  22. Zhang XJ , Xie YK , Wen YY , Zhang SY , Qu JH , Lu WJ . Further investigation on the hypothesis of meridian-cortex-viscera interrelationship . Chin J Integr Tradit West Med . 1983;3:264–267 [In Chinese]
  23. Xue CC . The cortical and meridian sensations: a suggestion on the use of acupuncture to examine parietal lobe function . J Tradit Chin Med . 1988;8:9–14
  24. You ZQ , Hu XL , Zhang W , Liang DF , Wu BH , Huang XQ . Detection of the course of the pericardium channel on the human body surface using the location method of blockage of needling effects with pressing . Zhongguo Zhen Jiu . 1999;5:281–284 [In Chinese]
  25. Hu XL . Current problems awaiting solution in PSC research . Zhen Ci Yan Jiu . 1981;6:161–171 [In Chinese]
  26. Zhu B , Rong PJ , Li YQ , Xu WD , Gao XY . Generating-sensation and propagating-myoelectrical responses along the meridian . Sci China C Life Sci . 2002;45:105–112 [In Chinese]
  27. Zhang BZ . Discussion about the skin reaction along the meridians and the morphological and physiological basis of the PSC . J Xi'an Jiaotong Univ (Med Sci) . 1984;5:90–92 [In Chinese]
  28. Xie YK , Li HQ , Xiao WH . The study of neurological characteristics of meridian and PSC . Sci China B . 1995;25:721–731 [In Chinese]
  29. Wang PX . Inducted PSC by getting quiet . Chin J Nat . 1978;2:277–280 [In Chinese]
  30. Wang BX , Gao HH . The study of the mechanism of PSC . J Tradit Chin Med . 1980;4:48; [In Chinese]
  31. Chen JD , Qin B . In: Discovery of Meridian Essence . Science and Technology Publishing Company of Inner Mongolia; 2002;p. 9; [In Chinese]
  32. Li R , Gu SZ . Research into the meridian essence from the origin of meridian theory . Zhongguo Zhen Jiu . 1998;18:619–621 [In Chinese]
  33. Xu ZQ , Li DL , Chen XT . The nanatomic structure of meridians in Neijing . J Nanjing Univ Tradit Chin Med . 1995;11:37–39 [In Chinese]
  34. Zhao JS . In: Classical Acupuncture and Moxibuston Theory . Shanghai University of TCM Publishing Company; 2000;p. 21; [In Chinese]
  35. Bao SY , Zhou XL . Preliminary study of meridian essence . Hubei Coll Tradit Chin Med . 2005;27:22–24 [In Chinese]
  36. Song ZG . The study of the relationship between Jing and Mai based on modern biology . China J Basic Med Tradit Chin Med . 1998;4:24–25 [In Chinese]
  37. Mu X . Meridian should be the “Ordered Microangium networks” . China J Basic Med Tradit Chin Med . 1998;4:48–51 [In Chinese]
  38. Wen S . The relationship between peripheral nerve network and essence of Jingluo . Zhen Ci Yan Jiu . 1998;23:156–160 [In Chinese]
  39. Mu X , Duan HQ , Chen W , Gao LY , Yang ZJ . Physiological study on the relationship between the essence of acupuncture point and the microvasculum . China J Basic Med Tradit Chin Med . 2001;7:47–52 [In Chinese]
  40. Gong QH , Cao JR . The relationship of meridians and lymphatic tube . Shanghai J Tradit Chin Med . 1979;13:35–40 [In Chinese]
  41. Gong QH , Xiang YM , Cao JR , Wang WJ , Wei YX . Exploration on meridianal basis of lymphatic meeting under point sanyinjino . Shanghai Zhen Jiu Za Zhi . 1983;12:9–11 [In Chinese]
  42. Xie HR . Review of verification study about meridian tri-discuss . Study J Tradit Chin Med . 2003;21:333–334 [In Chinese]
  43. Zhang WB . Three main ideas in modern meridian study including a discussion about the mechanism of PSC . China J Basic Med Tradit Chin Med . 2001;7:46–48 [In Chinese]
  44. Men JB . In: Discovery of Fourteen Meridian Channels Image . Science and Technology Publishing Company; 1998;p. 208; [In Chinese]
  45. Zhou DX , Yan P , Zheng M , Zhang PF , Ma SY . A study on the transmission route of three Yin meridian in the foot using 32P radioautography study . J Anat . 1999;22:307–308 [In Chinese]
  46. Li RW , Wen S , Meng JB , Gao HH , Chang BQ , Tian JH , et al.   Analysis of the linear migration of the radionucleotide along meridians in perfused extremities of monkey . Zhen Ci Yan Jiu . 1992;17:67–70 [In Chinese]
  47. He YJ , Tian JH , Chen YM , Yin DY , Zhang JM , Zhang SW , et al.   A primary study on meridian-stretching of injected FDG using PET MPI tool . Chin J Nucl Med . 2002;22:145–146 [In Chinese]
  48. Chen YM , Tian JH , He YJ , Zhang JM , Shao MZ , Zhu ZX , et al.   Three dimensional tomogram and scenograph of the migration line of 18F-FDG along meridians . Zhongguo Zhen Jiu . 2002;22:603–605 [In Chinese]
  49. Zhang WB . In: What is Meridian? . Science and Technology Publishing Company; 1997;p. 60; [In Chinese]
  50. Zhang WB , Jing XH , Li CH , Li ZC , Liu YT , Zhang LJ . The study of tissue osmolarity along the meridians in rat . Basic Med Sci Clin . 1994;14:68; [In Chinese]
  51. Zhang WB , Jing XH , Li CH , Lui YT , Zhang LJ , Li ZC . The transport of interstitial fluid pressure wave in subcutaneous tissue on and beside the stomach meridian in rats . Biomed Eng (Beijing) . 1995;14:40–43 [In Chinese]
  52. Zhang WB , Tian YY , Li H , Zeng YJ , Zhuang FY . A method to continuously measure hydraulic resistance of subcutis and the study of low hydraulic resistance points . Acta Biophys Sin . 1998;14:373–378 [In Chinese]
  53. Zhang WB , Tian YY , Li H , Tian JH , Luo MF , Xu FL , et al.   A discovery of low hydraulic resistance channel along meridians . J Acup Merid Res . 2008;1:20–28
  54. Zhang WB , Zhuang FY , Li H , Tian YY , Wang YC , Zhu BJ , et al.   An improved Guyton's method to measure hydraulic conductance and its use in measuring conductance in meridian tissue of animals . Biomed Eng (Beijing) . 1997;16:199–204 [In Chinese]
  55. Zhang WB , Li H , Wang YC , Zhu BJ , Dai HT , Xu QY . The wave propagation of interstitial fluid pressure along the Ren Mai and the mechanism of acupoint injection . Zhongguo Zhen Jiu . 1998;18:60–61 [In Chinese]
  56. Zhang WB , Zhuang FY , Tian YY , Li H . A simulating study of biophysical features along meridians on a gel model . J Biomed Eng . 2001;18:357–361 [In Chinese]
  57. Zhang WB , Wang LL , Huang T , Tian YY , Xu YH , Wang L , et al.   Laser Doppler perfusion imaging for assessment of skin blood perfusion after acupuncture . Medl Acupunct . 2008;20:109–118
  58. Tian N , Zhao XM . The importance of tissue channel on the development of medicine and biology . Chin J Microcirc . 2006;16:1–3 [In Chinese]
  59. Tian N . Tissue channel . Chin J Microcirc . 2003;13:1–3 [In Chinese]
  60. Ding GH , Shen XY , Yao W , Dang RS , Yang J , Chen EY . Dynamic mechanism of interstitial fluid flowing towards a certain direction and the meridian phenomenon in human . Prog Nat Sci . 2005;15:61–70
  61. Yang WS , Zhang RJ . Investigation of the lower resistance meridian I. Method of investigation . Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Zi Ran Ke Xue Ban . 1978;24:128–134 [In Chinese]
  62. Zhang RJ , Yang WS . Investigation of the lower resistance meridian. The distribution of lower resistance meridians in normal individuals . Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Zi Ran Ke Xue Ban . 1978;24:135–142 [In Chinese]
  63. Yang WS . Investigation of the lower resistance meridian. Reasoning on the histological basis of acupuncture meridians . Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Zi Ran Ke Xue Ban . 2008;44:277–280 [In Chinese]
  64. Yang WS . Investigation of the lower resistance meridian. Speculation on the physiological functions of acupuncture meridians . Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Zi Ran Ke Xue Ban . 2008;44:281–288 [In Chinese]
  65. Xu ZX , Zhen LY . Present status of the relationship between meridians and connective tissues . Shanghai Zhen Jiu Za Zhi . 2003;22:45–49 [In Chinese]
  66. Zhen LY . Channels may be functional zones adhering to certain tissues . Zhongguo Zhen Jiu . 2001;20:35–36 [In Chinese]
  67. Lin XZ , Zhang YF . The material base and the soliton model of channels of traditional Chinese medicine . Discov Nat . 1990;9:55–60 [In Chinese]
  68. Lu LS . The analysis of meridian essence . Zhongguo Zhen Jiu . 1996;16:20–22 [In Chinese]
  69. Dang RS , Chen EY , Sheng XY , Zhu WJ , Wang PJ , Fei L . The relationship between points in Fei meridian and the connective tissue . Shanghai Zhen Jiu Za Zhi . 1997;16:30; [In Chinese]
  70. Tao KZ , Chen EY , Dang RS , Shen XY . Relationship between some acupuncture points of Gall Bladder and Stomach meridian in crural area and muscle origins and calcium accumulating area . Chin J Anat . 1998;20:504–506 [In Chinese]
  71. Chen EY , Shen XY , Dang RS , Cheng HS , Cai DH , He WQ , et al.   A relationship between connective tissue and accumulation of calcium with points on the GB channel below the head . Shanghai Zhen Jiu Za Zhi . 1998;17:36–38 [In Chinese]
  72. Shen XY , Dang RS , Chen EY , Cheng HS , He WQ , Cai DH , et al.   Relation of acupoints of the stomach channel with structure of connective tissue and accumulation of calcium . Zhongguo Zhen Jiu . 1998;18:19–21 [In Chinese]
  73. Fei L , Cheng HS , Cai DH , Yang SX , Xu JR , Chen EY , et al.   Look into the future and experimental research on the material basis and function of meridian . Chin Sci Bull . 1998;43:658–672 [In Chinese]
  74. Yuan L , Yao DW , Tang L , Huang WH , Jiao PF , Lu YT , et al.   A study on morphological basis of Chinese acupuncture and moxibustion from digital human body . Acta Anat Sin . 2004;35:337–343 [In Chinese]
  75. Huang Y , Yuan L , He ZQ , Wang CL . Study on the meridians and acupoints based on fasciaology: an elicitation of the study on a digital human being . Zhongguo Zhen Jiu . 2006;26:785; [In Chinese]
  76. Yuan L , Zhong SZ . Human auto-testing and modulating system: an anatomic basis involved in meridianal system . J Tradit Chin Med (Tianjing) . 2004;21:356–359 [In Chinese]
  77. Galli SJ , Maurer M , Lantz CS . Mast cells as sentinels of innate immunity . Curr Opin Immunol . 1999;11:53–59
  78. Malaviya R , Ikeda T , Ross E , Abraham SN . Mast cell modulation of neutrophil influx and bacterial clearance at sites of infection through TNF-alpha . Nature . 1996;381:77–80
  79. Echtenacher B , Mannel DN , Hultner L . Critical protective role of mast cells in a model of acute septic peritonitis . Nature . 1996;381:75–77
  80. Lantz CS , Boesiger J , Song CH , Mach N , Kobayashi T , Mulligan RC , et al.   Role for interleukin-3 in mast-cell and basophil development and in immunity to parasites . Nature . 1998;392:90–93
  81. Gurish MF , Austen KF . The diverse roles of mast cells . J Exp Med . 2001;194:F1–F5
  82. Galli SJ , Nakae S , Tsai M . Mast cells in the development of adaptive immune responses . Nat Immunol . 2005;6:135–142
  83. Song JM . Mast cell and meridian phenomenon . J Tradit Chin Med (Liaoning) . 1977;4:59–61 [In Chinese]
  84. Liaoning College of Traditional Chinese Medicine  . Initial observation of mast cell in acupoint . J Tradit Chin Med (Liaoning) . 1980;4:26–28 [In Chinese]
  85. Lin JH , Ren ZC , Yan AH , Wu JL , Li JR , Chang GS . Observation of mast cells from connective tissue in human acupoint by morphological methods and immunohistochemistry . Tradit Chin Med (Henan) . 1989;9:2–6 [In Chinese]
  86. Li M . Effects of electroacupuncture on the number of subcutaneous mast cells in and beside the acupoint and the inflammatory pain focus in the rat . Zhongguo Zhen Jiu . 2003;23:597–601 [In Chinese]
  87. Zhu ZX , Xu RM . Morphometric observation on the mast cells under the acupuncture meridian lines . Zhen Ci Yan Jiu . 1990;15:157–161 [In Chinese]
  88. Zong AM , Shi XY , Wu JL , Zhang FZ . Effects of electroacupuncture on fascia mast cells in “Zusanli” acupoint area of rabbits . J Zhengzhou Univ (Sci Med) . 1992;27:226–229 [In Chinese]
  89. Rozniecki JJ , Dimitriadou V , Lambracht-Hall M , Pang X , Theoharides TC . Morphological and functional demonstration of rat dura mater mast cell-neuron interactions in vitro and in vivo . Brain Res . 1999;849:1–15
  90. Arizono N , Matsuda S , Hattori T , Kojima Y , Maeda T , Galli SJ . Anatomical variation in mast cell nerve associations in the rat small intestine, heart, lung, and skin. Similarities of distances between neural processes and mast cells, eosinophils, or plasma cells in the jejunal lamina propria . Lab Invest . 1990;62:626–634
  91. Keller JT , Marfurt CF . Peptidergic and serotoninergic innervation of the rat dura mater . J Comp Neurol . 1991;309:515–534
  92. Van der Kleij HP , Ma D , Redegeld FA , Kraneveld AD , Nijkamp FP , Bienenstock J . Functional expression of neurokinin 1 receptors on mast cells induced by IL-4 and stem cell factor . J Immunol . 2003;171:2074–2079
  93. De Jonge F , De Laet A , Van Nassauw L , Brown JK , Miller HR , van Bogaert PP , et al.   In vitro activation of murine DRG neurons by CGRP-mediated mucosal mast cell degranulation . Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol . 2004;287:G178–G191
  94. Dimitriadou V , Buzzi MG , Moskowitz MA , Theoharides TC . Trigeminal sensory fiber stimulation induces morphological changes reflecting secretion in rat dura mater mast cells . Neuroscience . 1991;44:97–112
  95. Frieling T , Cooke HJ , Wood JD . Histamine receptors on submucous neurons in guinea pig colon . Am J Physiol . 1993;264:G74–G80
  96. Zhang BZ , Wang JM . Discovery of the neuro-mastocytic junction on the meridian line in human skin, efferent neuromastocytic junction . Chin J Neuroanat . 1985;1:47–52 [In Chinese]
  97. Zhang BZ , Wang JM . Discovery of the neuro-mastocytic junction on the meridian line in human skin. The efferent neuromastocytic junction and the Schwann cells accompanying efferent axons . Chin J Neuroanat . 1985;1:107–110 [In Chinese]
  98. Chen LW , Zhang BZ . Discovery of the neuromastocytic junction on the modeled meridian line in mouse skin. A study by light and electron microscopic immunohistochemistry . Chin J Neuroanat . 1987;3:253–258 [In Chinese]
  99. Yu SY , Kuang PG . Inhibiting effects of tianrong acupoint therapy on mast cells of dura mater . Zhen Ci Yan Jiu . 1995;20:34–38 [In Chinese]
  100. Deng YP , Zeng T , Guan XM , Zhou Y . The influence of electroacupuncture on the mast cells in the acupoints of the Stomach meridian . Zhen Ci Yan Jiu . 1996;21:68–70 [In Chinese]
  101. Gao S , Ming CR , Wu YW . The effect of electro-acupuncture on the ultrastructure of mast cells in acupoints . Liaoning J Tradit Chin Med . 1981;5:40–42 [In Chinese]
  102. Yang YM , Wang PP . Morphological observation on the effect of acupuncture on mast cells in “ZUSANLI” point . Zhen Ci Yan Jiu . 1984;23:298–302 [In Chinese]
  103. Hu JM , Ma WT , Tong H , Liu SA , Liu N , Guan JH , et al.   A preliminary analysis of research on acupuncture-moxibustion and meridians abroad in recent 40 years . Zhongguo Zhen Jiu . 2001;21:753–757 [In Chinese]
  104. Shi WC , Zhao Y , Zhang BZ . The role of substance P and histamine in information transmission along the channels and collaterals . Zhongguo Zhen Jiu . 1995;15:33–35 [In Chinese]
  105. Zhao Y , Shi WC , Wang HS , Jia FY . Neurokin A and information transmission along channels . J Xi'an Med Univ . 1997;18:149–151 [In Chinese]
  106. Guo MX . Advances in research on substance basis of meridian, propagated sensation along meridian and mechanisms of meridian actions . Chin J Clin Rehabil . 2004;8:5353–5355 [In Chinese]
  107. Guo Y , Xu TP , Chen JS , Zhang CX , Jiang P . The study on Ca2+ concentration specificity in acupoint in rabbit . J Tianjin Coll Tradit Chin Med . 1990;3:39–41 [In Chinese]
  108. Guo Y , Xu TP , Chen JS , Zhang CX , Jiang P . The study on Ca2+ concentration specificity in acupoints in rabbit . Zhen Ci Yan Jiu . 1991;16:66–68 [In Chinese]
  109. Cheng HS , He WQ , Chen EY , Dang RS , Cai DH , Shen XY , et al.   A study on abnormal distribution of some elements at meridian acupoints by PIXE . Nucl Tech . 1999;22:494–499 [In Chinese]
  110. Tao KZ , Chen EY , Dang RS , Shen XY . Relationship between some acupuncture points of gall bladder and stomach meridian in crural area and muscle origins and calcium accumulating areas . Chin J Neuroanat . 1998;16:504–506 [In Chinese]
  111. Guo Y , Chen SB , Zhang CX , Wang XY , Miao WF , Shi LP , et al.   Specific distribution of Ca2+ concentration in acupoints of healthy human bodies . Shanghai Zhen Jiu Za Zhi . 2002;21:37–38 [In Chinese]
  112. Deng QK . Discrimination of meridian essence: research on meridian essence and its bioequivalence . Chin J Med Phys . 2004;21:63–72 [In Chinese]
  113. Cheng BH , Li DZ , Yang HY . Dynamic changes of K+, Na+, Ca2+, H+ concentration in points after acupuncture different meridians . Chem Sens . 1991;11:40–46 [In Chinese]
  114. Guo Y , Zhang YJ , Wang XY , Tang ZB , Xu TP , Miao WF , et al.   The study on ions specificity in acupoints . J Tianjin Coll Tradit Chin Med . 1994;13:37; [In Chinese]
  115. Wang XY , Guo Y , Xu TP . Study on an ionic mechanism of peripheral acupoint on acupuncture analgesia . Zhen Ci Yan Jiu . 1998;23:263–265 [In Chinese]
  116. Chen ZS , Yang P , Chen XY , Jiang L . Meridian system: a network of bioelectrical ions channels in the body . Asia-Pac Tradit Med . 2006;2:49–53 [In Chinese]
  117. Zhang WB , Jing XH , Xu RM , Zhu ZX , Li CH , Li H . The study on specificity of transcutaneous CO2 emission in large intestine meridian and stomach meridian . Chin J Integr Tradit West Med . 1995;15:625–627 [In Chinese]
  118. Zhang WB . Cluster analysis to the correlativity of skin respiration of CO2 on acupoints of twelve meridians on human body . J Biomath . 1997;12:259–264 [In Chinese]
  119. Zhang WB , Tian YY , Zhu ZX , Xu RM . The distribution of transcutaneous CO2 emission and correlation with the points along the pericardium meridian . J Acup Merid Res . 2009;2:197–201
  120. Zhang WB , Jing XH , Xu RM . The study on the relationship between the disbalance degree of transcutaneous CO2 emission in points and the diseases . Zhongguo Zhen Jiu . 1996;16:21–22 [In Chinese]
  121. Zhang WB , Li H , Xu RM . The study on the effect of transcutaneous CO2 emission in acupuncture points . Zhongguo Zhen Jiu . 1996;12:39–42 [In Chinese]
  122. Wu ZX , Hu XL , Xu JS , Chen M . The effects of Hegu acupuncturing and heating on transcutaneous oxygen pressure and subcutaneous microcirculation perfusion along the skin of large intestine channel of Hand-Yangming . World Sci Tech: Modern Tradit Chin Med Mater Med . 2008;10:37–42 [In Chinese]
  123. Hu XL , Wu BH , Wang PQ . Displaying of meridian courses travelling over human body surface under natural conditions . Zhen Ci Yan Jiu . 1993;18:83–89 [In Chinese]
  124. Zhang D , Fu WX , Wang SY , Wei ZX , Wang FL . Displaying of infrared thermogram of temperature character on meridians . Zhen Ci Yan Jiu . 1996;21:63–67 [In Chinese]
  125. Hu XL , Wang PQ , Xu JS , Wu BH , Xu XY . The main characters of infrared radiant track along meridian courses over human body surface and the condition of its appearance . J Infrared Millimeter Waves . 2001;20:325–328 [In Chinese]
  126. Wang PQ , Hu XL , Xu JS , Wu BH , Xu XY . Infrared image-displaying of the fourteen meridian courses . Zhen Ci Yan Jiu . 2002;27:260–261 [In Chinese]
  127. Zhang D , Fu WX , Wang SY , Ma HM , Wang YC . Comparison of high temperature lines along the meridians by different acupuncture methods . Zhongguo Zhen Jiu . 2000;20:29–33 [In Chinese]
  128. Hu XL , Xu JS , Ye L , Yang J , Wang PQ , Wu BH . Elicitation of infrared radiant tracks along meridian courses over the human body surface by local heating . J Infrared Millimeter Waves . 2002;21:6–8 [In Chinese]
  129. Xu JS , Hu XL , Yang GY . Observation on the infrared radiant track along meridians over body surface in patients with pulmonary diseases . J Fujian Coll Tradit Chin Med . 2005;15:18–20 [In Chinese]
  130. Zhang D , Wang SY , Ma HM , Ye YY , Zhu YG . Displaying infrared thermogram along the meridians with internal organ disease (pericarditis) . China J Basic Med Tradit Chin Med . 2004;10:52–54 [In Chinese]
  131. Zhang D , Wang SY , Ma HM , Ye YY , Zhu YG . Study on effects of a-receptor blocker on high temperature lines along channels in the cholecystitis model rabbit by infrared thermogram . Zhongguo Zhen Jiu . 2002;21:25; [In Chinese]

PII: S2005-2901(10)60001-5

doi: 10.1016/S2005-2901(10)60001-5

Journal of Acupuncture and Meridian Studies
Volume 3, Issue 1 , Pages 1-9 , March 2010